Hydraulic jack



Febe 1950 J. J. MUELLER 2,497,,78fi

HYDRAULIC JACK Filed Sept. 2, 1944 2 Sheets-Sheet l IN V EN TOR.

Patented Feb. 14, 1950 HYDRAULIC JACK Joseph J. Mueller, St. Joseph,Mich, assignor to Auto Specialties Manufacturing Company, St. Joseph,Mich., a corporation of Michigan Application September 2, 1944, SerialNo. 552,447

(Cl. (SO-52) 4 Claims.

This invention relates to hydraulic jacks and more particularly tohydraulic automobile jacks.

Among the objects of the present invention are to provide an hydraulicjack of the foregoing character wherein the high pressure pump cylinderand/or ball valve cage are formed of few parts which may be assembledexteriorly of the jack and then assembled within the jack body in such amanner as to permit for ready disengagement from the body of the jackfor repair or replacement; to provide an hydraulic jack, particularly ofthe automobile type, wherein the high pressure pump cylinder comprises apreformed sleeve having internal highly polished metal walls of uniformdiameter throughout the length of the sleeve and wherein the exterior ofthe sleeve is threaded except for at least a plurality of countersunkangularly disposed portions disposed in termediate the threaded ends ofthe sleeve so as to provide gripping surfaces adapted to be contacted bya tool for turning the sleeve into or out of a threaded bore in the wallof the jack body to facilitate the assembly or disengagement of the highpressure pump cylinder from the jack body.

Yet another object of the invention resides in providing as an articleof manufacture a cheap, economical construction for a cylinder for ahigh pressure pump for an hydraulic jack, comprising a cylindrical metalsleeve having a high polished exterior and having external threads, anintermediate portion of the threaded portion of the sleeve being cutaway to provide angularly disposed walls located below the curved planeof, the threaded peripheral surface of the sleeve adapted to be engagedby a tool for turning the sleeve so that it may be assembled ordemounted -from a threaded bore in the body of the jack.

Yet another object of my invention resides in providing a ball valvecage for a hydraulic jack comprising a single metallic fittinginteriorly bored to provide oil passages and adjacent valve seats andhaving balls to seat upon said valve seats, the arrangement being suchthat the ball valve cage is assembled in a bore in the body of the jackin such a manner that the walls .of the .bore maintain one of the ballvalves relatively close to its seat while permitt'ingit to shifttherefrom.

These and other objects of the invention will be apparent from a perusalof the following speci- 2 provediack, the upper part being shown incross section;

Figure 2 is an end or side elevational view of the jack shown in Figure1;

Figure 3 is a plan section taken on the line 3-3 of Figure 1;

Figure 4 is an enlarged cross sectional view taken on the line 6-4 ofFigure 2;

Figure 5 is a detailed cross sectional view of the liquid release orby-pass mechanism taken on the line 5-5 of Figure 3;

Figure 6 is a perspective view of the high pressure pump cylindersleeve;

Figure 7 is a cross sectional view taken on the line l-1 of Figure 6;and

Figure 8 is a perspective view of the ball valve cage.

While the invention has been illustrated in connection with the type ofjack shown in the drawings, to wit a jack having a base suitablycounterbored to provide a central ram cylinder well and a surroundingreservoir well with two concentric sleeves arising therefrom and carriedby the base, the ram cylinder, the inner sleeve, the outer sleeve, theconcentrically surrounding reservoir and the base carrying additionalrelatively smaller boring preferably angularly disposed with respect tothe vertical axis of the ram cylinder to provide a high pressure pump,it is to be understood that certain features of this present inventionmay be otherwise adaptable to other types of jacks and the claims arenot, unless otherwis limited, to be construed only to the type of jackshown in Figure 1.

Therefore; for purposes of illustration and ex 'emplification only theinvention is described in connection with the type of jack wherein thebase is formed as a single integral casting 2 having a centrally formed,countersunk well 4 and a con centrically surrounding well 6 providingshoulders B and I0. An upstanding sealed sleeve 12 having threads [4 atits lower end screws into threads formed into the upper portion of thecentral countersunk well portion 4 to providea ram cylinder, and asecond cylindrical sleeve 16 is mounted in the countersunk shoulderportion ID of the base. As shown Figure l the upper portion of the ramcylinder sleeve I2 is threaded as at I8 to receive a cap 2!) which isconstructed to clamp the reservoir sleeve H5 in position. This cap 20 isprovided with a central opening 22 through which the ram 24 is adaptedto pass. This ram carries a load support 26 at its upper end and carriesa suitable piston 26--28 at its lower end."

In the present construction of the jack this single integral basalcasting 2 is provided with a preferably obliquely disposed, relativelysmaller bore 50, the projection of the axis of which intersects thecentral axis of the ram cylinder I2 at an acute angle, the basal castingbeing provided with a relativel small boring 32 which connects thebottom of the reservoir 34 with this boring 30. The bore is adapted toreceive the high pressure pump mechanism.

In addition, the basal casting is provided on its underside with a castpocket 86 which opens downwardly and is preferably disposed in aslightly angularly, upwardly extending direction longitudinally, theinner end of this pocket being provided with a threaded bore 38 and witha relatively smaller bore or passage 40 Which extends slightly inwardlyand upwardly to connect with the central cast well 4 of the base. Inaddition, when the bore 30 is formed for the high pressure pump cylinderthe bottom of this bore 30 is pro- .vided with preferably inclined orchamfered walls 42 and also with a centrally disposed relatively smallerbore or passage 44 which laterally connects with the bore or passage 40so that the high pressure pump cylinder bore connects by means of thebores 44 and 40 with the central well 4 of the ram cylinder and also bymeans of the bore 32 with the reservoir. A suitable threaded plug 46closes the end of the bore 40, this plug 46 being located in thethreaded bore 38 in the pocket.

36 and accessible from the underside of the jack. The bore 30 extendsfrom the chamfered portion 42 outwardly and is of preferably uniformdiameter except for the threaded Portion 48 thereof which preferably isof largerdiameter than the ,1

portion 30. In addition, the upper portion of the base at the mouth ofthis bore 30 is slightly countersunk as at 50 to form a seat forpacking.

This counterbore 30 is adapted to receive a preferably unit assembly ofa high pressure pump cylinder and piston. One of the main features of myinvention resides in the construction of the high pressure pump cylinderwhich in the present instance is formed so simply and economically as toconsiderably reduce the cost of manufacture and assembly of the jack. Inthe present instance this high pressure pump cylinder is formed as atubular, cylindrical, elongated, metallic sleeve carrying an interiorrelatively high metal polish so as to function as a high pressure pumpcylinder for the reciprocation of the piston therewithin. This sleeve ispreferably of uniform thickness throughout except as hereinafterspecified and is of uniform diameter within. It is threaded externallyand as originally made is threaded continuously from one end to theother. After the sleeve is threaded, however, it is preferably slabbedby a milling cutter to provide a plurality of angularly disposed,preferably plane faced facets which provide gripping surfaces for a ringor other tool whereby the sleeve may be turned into its threaded bore inthe base or whereby it may be unturned therefrom. In the formation ofthis sleeve I propose to start with a relatively long pipe or tubularcylinder which is preformed with the exact high metal polish. This pipemay either carry initially a thread throughout its length or may bethereafter threaded. The threaded pipe is then cut into sections ofdesired ultimate length corresponding to the length of the high pressurepump cylinder and then a series of these lengths are held in a fixtureand slabbed as a gang by suitable cutting means such as a millingcutter, the arrangement being such that the milling cutter slabs thefacets angularly about the circumference of the sleeves, a number ofsleeves being slabbed at the same time. Alternatively, the elongatedpipe may be slabbed at the required places and then cut into desiredpoints to form the sleeve. It is to be understood that the exact type ofturning surface is not restricted to the slab portion shown. In fact,any desired type of tool gripping surface may be made. It is important,however, that the threaded surfaces 52' and 54 be disposed at the endsof the slabbed portion 56 for purposes which will hereinafter appear.

The valve mechanism for the high pressure pump cylinder 1 comprises aunitary metal ball valve cage 58 having a conical nose 5%! seating onthe circular edges of the bore 44 connecting the valve cage of the highpressure pump cylinder with the ram cylinder. This cage is provided witha longitudinal passage 60 which opens at opposite ends of the cage andis provided with an enlargement forming a valve seat 84 against which aball valve 66 is adapted to seat. In addition the cage is provided withanother longitudinally extending bore 10 which opens on opposite sidesof the cage and is provided with a valve seat 12 against which the ballvalve 14 is adapted to seat. In addition this valve cage is providedwith a peripheral cut-out or recess 16 which communicates with a lateralbore I8 in turn communieating with the bore Ill. The diameter of thisvalve cage is less than the diameter of the bore 30. The valve cage ispreferably provided with a narrower portion which is adapted to make atight wedging fit in one end, to wit the lower end, of the threadedsleeve 52, whereby the sleeve and the ball valve cage may be united toform a removable unit. Alternatively they may be severable as separateunits. The innermost part of the bore 30 is not threaded and ispreferably of smaller diameter than the threaded part 48 of the bore.The end of the bore 30 is conically shaped and is centrally apertured asat 44 to provide a passage interconnecting the ball valve cage and thepassage 40 connecting with the ram cylinder.

sleeve 52 is the piston rod 82 having formed on its lower end in anydesired manner a piston 83, the upper end of the piston rod beingprovided with a lateral cut-out 84 for engaging with a pin 86 mounted ona handle 88 which is pivotally mounted as at 90 on a strap 92 welded asat 84 and 95 to the exterior of the sleeve I6. The pin 90 v forms apivotal point about which this handle 88 may pivotally swing. The handlein turn is provided with two outstanding relatively long lugs 96 and 91which may be grasped to lift the jack. The hollow socket 88 of thehandle may receive an elongated bar to assist in reciprocation of thepump piston 82 in its cylinder sleeve 52.

A packing 98 surrounds the lower threaded portion 52 of the sleeve andlies in the seat 50. This packing is held in place by a packing ring I00which engages the lower threads 52 of the sleeve and thus tightlyconfines the packing 98 to prevent leakage along the threaded engagementof the tubular sleeve with the base. In addition the outer end of thetubular sleeve is provided with a ring I02 which confines an additionalpacking I04 between its closed end I06 and the upper threaded end ofsleeve 52. This ring I02 threads on the upper threaded portion of thesleeve 52, and the piston rod 82 reciprocates therethrough. Thus it willbe seen that the threaded portion 52 is considerably longer than theupper threaded of "the packing collar Hid, whereas the packing collar'lil2'is the only element that engages the .uppershorter threads 51: ofthe sleeve to hold *the packing Hi4 imposition.

Means is "provided for relieving the liquid in the ram cylinderin orderto permit the ram 24 "to descend. This means comprises a by-pass orrelease valve shown particularly in Figures 2 '3 and 5. This releaseconstruction is effected by providing the one'piece basal casting withabore I08 formed through the walls thereof and dis- "posed in adownwardly inclined direction. This "boreat its inner end is providedwith converging walls .I in, the central portion of which communi-'cates'with a smaller bore H2 in turn communieating withthe ram cylinderwell 4. In addition the walls of the base are provided with a lateralbore '1 I4 which connects with the enlarged bore .188 and also with thereservoir 34. The bore I08 at its outer end communicates with anenlarged bored portion I Hi formed inthe base which. is prothe threadsH8 and the inner walls engaging threads of the by-pass valve rod I22.The inner end of the valve is provided with converging walls I24 whichseat upon the valve seat IIG to close communication between the passagesH2 and I I4. The outer end of the thimble I2!) is hexa onal for turningand the outer end of the valve rod I 22 is provided with a head I26having the turning rod I28. It will be noted that the valve rod isdisposed laterally of a vertical plane passing through the center of thehigh pressure pump cylinder. This is shown in Figure 2. When the releasevalve I22 is closed on its seat H and the pump piston rod 82 isreciprocated upon the up stroke of the piston, liquid will be drawn fromthe reservoir 34, through the passage 32, thence around the recess I ofthe ball cage, thence through the opening 18 thereof into the passage10, the suction of the piston lifting the ball I4 from its seat to causethe liquid to pass into the high pressure pump cylinder. At this timethe ball valve 66 is held to its seat by the suction. Upon the downstroke of the piston this liquid will be transferred through the passage60 past the ball 66 into passage 44, thence into passage 46 and thenceinto the ram cylinder to raise the ram. During this latter movement theball valve 14 is held on its seat. valve 66 will be held relativelyclose to its seat 64 by the conical nose 59. Any other desired means,such as a wire, may be used for holding the ball I4 close on its seat.When necessary, by operation of the valve I 26 the communication isestablished between the passages IE2 and H4 so that liquid in the ramcylinder may be released back to the reservoir 34 to cause the ram todescend.

Obviously the invention is not limited to the specific details ofconstruction disclosed herein but is capable of other modifications andchanges without departing from the spirit and scope of the appendedclaims. I

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new and desiredto be secured by Let ters Patent is:

1. An hydraulically actuated device including in combination a basehaving a ram cylinder thereon, said base including a bore communicatingwith said ram cylinder, the outer portion of It will be noted that theball the internal wall of the bore being threadedya high pressure pumpcylinder for said device comprising an elongated sleeve having itsopposite ends externallythreaded, said externally threaded sleeveportions being of uniform diameter throughout and the outer Wall of thesleeve between the threaded portions being polygonal, the thread at oneend of said sleeve being a continuation of the thread at the other endthereof, the inner threaded end of the sleeve engaging the internalthreads or" said bore and a portion of said threads projecting beyondthe mouth of the bore, and a valve cage mechanism located in theinnermost end of said bore, said polygonal portion of said sleeve andthe outermost end of the sleeve projecting beyond the mouth of the bore,a pump piston reciprocably mounted in said sleeve, packing meanssurrounding that portion of the threaded end of the slee e that projectsbeyond the mouth of the bore, and a threaded ring threadedly engagingthat portion of the threads of the sleeve projecting beyond the mouth ofthe bore whereby clampingly to engage the packing between the mouth ofthe bore and the external threads of the sleeve, and an internallythreaded ring threading onto the external threads of the outer end ofsaid sleeve, and packing means confined between the internal threadedring, the outer end of said sleeve, and the piston reciprocably passingthrough said sleeve and ring.

2. An hydraulically operated device comprising a base including a ramcylinder, said base having a bore, the outer portion of which isinternally threaded, a high pressure pump cylinder for said borecomprising an elongated sleeve of uniform Wall thickness throughout itslength and having a circular inner bore throughout its length of uniforminternal diameter and circular threaded outer surfaces at each end ofthe sleeve of uniform outer diameter, a thread of each of said outersurfaces being a continuation of the thread of the other outer surface,the outer surface of the sleeve between the threaded portions beingpolygonal, one of said threaded portions of the sleeve threadedlyengaging the internal threads of the bore.

3. An hydraulically operated device comprising a base including a ramcylinder, said base having a bore the outer portion of which isinternally threaded, a high pressure pump cylinder for said borecomprising an elongated sleeve having a circular inner bore throughoutits length and circular threaded outer surfaces at each end of thesleeve, a thread of each of said outer surfaces being a continuation ofthe thread of the other outer surface, the outer surface of the sleevebetween the threaded portions being polygonal, one of said threadedportions of the sleeve thrcadedly engaging the internal threads of thebore, the polygonal shaped outer portion of the sleeve having itspolygonal surfaces a smaller radial distance from the axis of the sleevethan the circular portions of the ends of the threaded portions.

4. hydraulically actuated device including in combination a base havinga ram cylinder thereon and a surrounding oil-containing reservoir, saidbase including a bore the inner end of which is of conical shape and thecenter of said conical shaped portion being apertured, means forming apassageway in the base for connecting the reservoir with the inner endof said bore, said base having a passageway communicating with saidaperture of said conically shaped portion and connecting with the ramcylinder, a sleeve threading in said bore, a piston reciprocable in saidsleeve, a valve cage having a countersunk portion forming a tightwedging lit in the inner end of said sleeve, said valve opposite end ofsaid nose having a countersunk peripheral portion making a tight fit inthe lower end of said cage, said valve cage including a first liquidpassage communicating with the central aperture of said conical nose andwith the piston chamber above said valve cage, said passage having avalve seat and a valve resting on said seat, the inner Wall of said noseforming an abutment to limit movement of said valve away from its seat,said valve cage including a second passage communicating with the pistonchamber above said cage and having a lateral passage communicating withthe passage that connects with the reservoir, said second mentionedpassage in said valve cage having a valve seat and a valve restingthereon.

JOSEPH J. MUELLER.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

\ the inner end of said first mentioned bore, the

Number Re. 16,619 139,203 594,536 868,168 1,036,205 1,144,425 1,497,3981,560,454 1,610,499 1,656,430 1,663,228 1,715,901 1,973,170 2,018,5062,038,974 2,049,335 2,111,357 2,238,968 2,277,356 2,288,574

Number UNITED STATES PATENTS Name Date Limont ..1 May 10, 1927 Snow May20, 1873 Kauffmann Nov. 30, 1897 Doolittle Oct. 15, 1907 Faul Aug. 20,1912 Meaker June 29, 1915 Axelson June 10, 1924 Wiese Nov. 3, 1925Dybens Dec. 14, 1926 Dybens Jan. 1'7, 1928 Zublin Mar. 20, 1928countryman June 4, 1929 Jacobi Sept. 11, 1934 Walker Oct. 22, 1935Werner Apr. 28, 1936 Stephens July 28, 1936 Cornell Mar. 15, 1938Brumder Apr. 22, 1941 Sargent Mar. 24, 1942 Sadler June 20, 1942 FOREIGNPATENTS Countrx Date France of 1918 Switzerland of 1933

